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Os ensaios reunidos neste livro abordam o tema do a priori, tal como ele ocorre no pensamento de Kant. Sendo este reconhecidamente o mais central e o mais óbvio dos temas da filosofia kantiana, ele é também, apesar disso, e talvez precisamente por isso, um dos menos estudados e dos menos compreendidos na sua amplitude e nas suas implicações, pelo que, apesar da muito familiar ocorrência e insistente invocação, ele continua sendo uma das expressões mais problemáticas e ambíguas do vocabulário kantiano. Kant conferiu a esse termo um significado técnico e uma função estratégica, como meio de superar a simples oposição entre o conhecimento puramente racional (analítico, a-priori) e o conhecimento empírico (sintético, a-posteriori), introduzindo uma nova modalidade de conhecimento formulado em juízos sintéticos a-priori, e assim capazes de garantir a universalidade e a necessidade e ao mesmo tempo a objetividade e o progresso efetivo do conhecimento.
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Centraal in dit boek staat de vraag hoe wij bepaald worden door onze sociale orde en hoe wij er ook deels vrij van kunnen zijn. Het relationele proces waarin wij een individu worden – het separatie-individuatie-socialisatieproces – is de verbindingsschakel tussen individu en sociale orde. Door dit individuele proces in de geschiedenis van de filosofie te volgen, wordt duidelijk hoe onze autonomie historisch bepaald is en verwikkeld met onze maatschappelijke (on)vrijheid. Onze autonomie is een autonomie-in-verbondenheid. Het blijkt dat die verbondenheid pas vrij recent verwoord kan worden in intersubjectieve termen. Deze intersubjectiviteit – deze ‘relational turn’ – kan een hoopvol perspectief bieden in een wereld waarin onze maatschappelijke vrijheid, onze individuele autonomie en onze leefwereld onder druk staan. Als wij beter in staat zijn de ander en onszelf als autonome met elkaar verbonden subjecten te (h)erkennen, zullen wij veiliger voor elkaar zijn en onze leefwereld veiliger voor ons. Door de intermezzo’s, een weergave van gesprekken gebaseerd op jarenlange ervaring als psychiater en psychotherapeut, wordt op een indringende manier steeds weer de verbinding gelegd tussen de wereld van de theorie en de ervaring van onze psychische realiteit.
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Dit toegankelijke boek verkent de rol en relevantie van de westerse filosofie in de moderne wereld. Het behandelt diverse stromingen en historische contexten en nodigt de lezer uit tot kritisch denken en dialoog. Met aandacht voor onderwerpen als religie, postmodernisme en sociale kwesties. Het boek Filosofische verbeelding is een actuele aanvulling op de geschiedenis van de westerse filosofie.
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History of philosophy --- Europe --- Philosophy, Modern --- History.
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History of philosophy --- Phenomenology --- Philosophy, Modern --- Phenomenology.
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Originally published in 1977. In this major work, an overview of the structure of historical writing, Maurice Mandelbaum clarifies some of the problems concerning the nature of history as a discipline, of what constitutes explanation in history, and whether historical knowledge is as reliable as other forms of knowledge. The work is divided into three parts. The first part provides an analytic account of different types of historical inquiry. The second treats at length the nature of causal explanation in everyday life and in science and considers the relation between causes and laws. The final part analyzes the concept of objectivity and estimates both the extent to which the inquiries of historians can be said to be objective and the limits of that objectivity in some types of historical accounts.
History --- Philosophy. --- History of philosophy, philosophical traditions
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For the first time, this volume gathers all of Jasper’s texts concerning university that had been published by himself. The annotations of the edition provide valuable insights into the meaning of specific passages, the historical and intellectual context of Jasper's ideas, and the genesis of his manuscripts.
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Gives accurate and reliable summaries of the current state of research. It includes entries on philosophers, problems, terms, historical periods, subjects and the cultural context of Renaissance Philosophy. Furthermore, it covers Latin, Arabic, Jewish, Byzantine and vernacular philosophy, and includes entries on the cross-fertilization of these philosophical traditions. A unique feature of this encyclopedia is that it does not aim to define what Renaissance philosophy is, rather simply to cover the philosophy of the period between 1300 and 1650.
Philosophy. --- History. --- History of Philosophy. --- History, general.
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history of philosophy --- antiquity --- middle age --- renaissance --- early modern --- modern --- antiquity --- history of philosophy and science
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